Injongo

UWilliam Herschel (1738-1822) wayefuna ukuphanda umahluko wobushushu phakathi kwemibala eyahlukahlukeneyo yokukhanya okubonakalayo ekuqaleni kwenkulungwane ye-19.

Indlela yokwenza

Herschel, ekuqaleni isazi ngeenkwenkwezi kunye nomqambi, ukwenze oku ngokukhanyisa ukukhanya kwelanga ngeglasi yeprism. Emva koko wabeka iithemometha kwimibala eyahlukahlukeneyo yokukhanya. Ekugqibeleni, wabeka ithemometha 'yokulawula' kwindawo apho kwakungekho kukhanya. Oku kunokulinganisa ubushushu bomoya kwaye kusebenze njengesalathiso somahluko wobushushu bezinye iithemomitha.

Isiphumo

Wayecwangcise ukuthabatha iqondo lobushushu bereferensi yethemometha ebumnyameni ukusuka kumaqondo obushushu "aphezulu" emibala eyahlukeneyo yokukhanya.. Noko ke, okothusayo kukuba, iqondo lobushushu lethermometer yokulawula laliphezulu kunezinye!

UHerschel akazange akwazi ukuchaza umphumo nangayiphi na indlela kwaye wacinga ukuba ilinge lakhe aliphumelelanga.
Ukanti waqhubeka efuna. Wahambisa i-thermometer yokulawula kwezinye izikhundla (ngaphezulu nangaphantsi kombala) apho ubushushu bomoya bulinganiswe khona.

Wagqiba kwelokuba kumele kubekho imitha yemitha engabonakaliyo ngaphaya kwendawo ebomvu yombala.

Izifundo

Esinye sezizathu zokuba uWilliam Herschel abe yimpumelelo njengesazi ngeenkwenkwezi kunye nomphandi, mhlawumbi ngenxa yokuba wayehlala enomdla, nokuba ingcamango ekujoliswe kuyo ayisebenzi ngoko nangoko.

Ngokubhekele phaya:
Ukongeza 'kumqambi' wemitha ye-infrared, uHerschel waziwa njengesazi ngeenkwenkwezi 1781 Uranus wafumanisa. Wenza izinto ezininzi ezinomdla ngakumbi ngeenkwenkwezi.

Ukusetyenziswa kokukhanya kwe-infrared kwahluke kakhulu, ukusuka kunxibelelwano olufutshane olungenazingcingo (ulawulo lwerimothi) kwizicelo zomkhosi ukukhangela utshaba.

Imithombo, o.a.:
· UGqr. S. C. Liew. Amaza ombane (IsiNgesi). Iziko loMfanekiso olukude, Ukuva kunye nokuPhuculwa. Iyabuyiswa 2006-10-27.
· I-Astronomy: Isishwankathelo (IsiNgesi). I-NASA Infrared Astronomy and Processing Centre. Iyabuyiswa 2006-10-30.
· Reusch, UWilliam (1999). I-Infrared Spectroscopy. IYunivesithi yaseMichigan State. Iyabuyiswa 2006-10-27.

Umbhali: Iziko leSiseko sokuPhumelela okuqaqambileyo

SHIYA IZIMVO