Inhloso
UWilliam Herschel (1738-1822) wayefuna ukuphenya umehluko wokushisa phakathi kwemibala ehlukahlukene yokukhanya okubonakalayo ekuqaleni kwekhulu le-19.
Indlela yokwenza
Herschel, ekuqaleni isazi sezinkanyezi nomqambi, ukwenze lokhu ngokufingqa ukukhanya kwelanga ngengilazi yeprism. Wabe esefaka ama-thermometer ngemibala ehlukahlukene yokukhanya. Ekugcineni, wabeka i-thermometer 'yokulawula' endaweni lapho okwakungenakukhanya khona. Lokhu kungakala izinga lokushisa lomoya futhi kusebenze njengereferensi yokuhluka kwezinga lokushisa kwamanye ama-thermometer.
Umphumela
Wahlela ukususa izinga lokushisa eliyinkomba le-thermometer ebumnyameni emazingeni okushisa "aphezulu" emibala ehlukahlukene yokukhanya.. Nokho, wamangala lapho izinga lokushisa lokulawula izinga lokushisa laliphakeme kunamanye!
U-Herschel akakwazanga ukuchaza umphumela nganoma iyiphi indlela futhi wacabanga ukuthi ukuhlola kwakhe kuhlulekile.
Nokho waqhubeka nokusesha. Wahambisa i-thermometer yokulawula kwezinye izikhundla (ngaphezulu nangaphansi kwe-spectrum yombala) lapho izinga lokushisa lomoya likalwa khona.
Waphetha ngokuthi kumelwe kube khona imisebe engabonakali ngale kwengxenye ebomvu yombala.
Izifundo
Esinye sezizathu ezenza uWilliam Herschel abe yimpumelelo njengesazi sezinkanyezi nomcwaningi, mhlawumbe ngoba wayehlala efuna ukwazi, ngisho noma umqondo owawuhlosiwe ungasebenzi ngaso leso sikhathi.
Ngokuqhubekayo:
Ngaphezu 'komsunguli' wemisebe ye-infrared, u-Herschel waziwa nangokuthi isazi sezinkanyezi 1781 Uranus watholwa. Wathola izinto eziningi ezithakazelisayo zezinkanyezi.
Ukusetshenziswa kokukhanya kwe-infrared kuhluke kakhulu, kusukela ekuxhumaneni okungenantambo kwebanga elifushane (isilawuli kude) izicelo zempi ukuthola isitha.
Imithombo, o.a.:
· UDkt. S. C. Liew. Amagagasi kagesi (IsiNgisi). Isikhungo Sokuthwebula Kude, Ukuzwa nokucubungula. Kubuyiswe kuvuliwe 2006-10-27.
· Isayensi yezinkanyezi: Uhlolojikelele (IsiNgisi). NASA Infrared Astronomy and Processing Center. Kubuyiswe kuvuliwe 2006-10-30.
· Sebenzisa kabusha, UWilliam (1999). I-Infrared Spectroscopy. I-Michigan State University. Kubuyiswe kuvuliwe 2006-10-27.
Umbhali: Bas Ruyssenaars
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