Lofalitsidwa ndi:
Muriel de Bont
Cholinga chinali:
Kukhazikitsa makina omwe amatha kubwereza zikalata ndikupanga pepala la kaboni lomwe likugwiritsidwa ntchito mpaka nthawiyo lisagwire ntchito.

Njira inali
Xerox idakhazikitsidwa 1949 makina okopera pamanja otchedwa chitsanzo A omwe amagwiritsa ntchito luso lotchedwa xerography. Njira ya xerography ndi njira 'youma' yomwe imagwiritsa ntchito kutentha m'malo mwa inki.

Zotsatira zake zinali:
Wokoperayo anali wodekha, inapatsa madontho ndipo inali yongogwiritsa ntchito. Makampani sanakhutire ndi phindu ndipo anapitiriza kugwiritsa ntchito makamaka pepala la carbon. Model A anali flop.

Nthawi yophunzitsa inali
10 Patapita zaka, Xeros anapezerapo chitsanzo kwathunthu basi 914, kupangitsa kusintha kosatha m'moyo waofesi. Ku US, mawu akuti 'xeroxing' amatsimikiziridwa bwino ndi kupambana kwa wokopera uyu.

Komanso:
Nkhani zambiri zopambana zamabizinesi zimayamba ndi kulephera kumodzi kapena zingapo zoyamba.